Brain and brain waves in epilepsy, computer illustration. This EEG (electroencephalogram) illustration shows generalized epilepsy, affecting the whole brain cortex: all the EEG traces show chaotic brain waves. Epilepsy can take many forms, and have different effects. This could illustrate both benign epilepsy (inherited childhood form that normally improves with age), and myoclonic epilepsy (form that causes muscle contractions). An EEG measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes attached to the scalp.

Brain and brain waves in epilepsy, computer illustration. This EEG (electroencephalogram) illustration shows generalized epilepsy, affecting the whole brain cortex: all the EEG traces show chaotic brain waves. Epilepsy can take many forms, and have different effects. This could illustrate both benign epilepsy (inherited childhood form that normally improves with age), and myoclonic epilepsy (form that causes muscle contractions). An EEG measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes attached to the scalp.

Brain and brain waves in epilepsy, computer illustration. This EEG (electroencephalogram) illustration shows generalized epilepsy, affecting the whole brain cortex: all the EEG traces show chaotic brain waves. Epilepsy can take many forms, and have different effects. This could illustrate both benign epilepsy (inherited childhood form that normally improves with age), and myoclonic epilepsy (form that causes muscle contractions). An EEG measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes attached to the scalp.

Brain and brain waves in epilepsy, computer illustration. This EEG (electroencephalogram) illustration shows generalized epilepsy, affecting the whole brain cortex: all the EEG traces show chaotic brain waves. Epilepsy can take many forms, and have different effects. This could illustrate both benign epilepsy (inherited childhood form that normally improves with age), and myoclonic epilepsy (form that causes muscle contractions). An EEG measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes attached to the scalp.

Brain and brain waves in epilepsy, computer illustration. This EEG (electroencephalogram) illustration shows generalized epilepsy, affecting the whole brain cortex: all the EEG traces show chaotic brain waves. Epilepsy can take many forms, and have different effects. This could illustrate both benign epilepsy (inherited childhood form that normally improves with age), and myoclonic epilepsy (form that causes muscle contractions). An EEG measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes attached to the scalp.

Brain and brain waves in epilepsy, computer illustration. This EEG (electroencephalogram) illustration shows generalized epilepsy, affecting the whole brain cortex: all the EEG traces show chaotic brain waves. Epilepsy can take many forms, and have different effects. This could illustrate both benign epilepsy (inherited childhood form that normally improves with age), and myoclonic epilepsy (form that causes muscle contractions). An EEG measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes attached to the scalp.

Brain and brain waves in epilepsy, computer illustration. This EEG (electroencephalogram) illustration shows generalized epilepsy, affecting the whole brain cortex: all the EEG traces show chaotic brain waves. Epilepsy can take many forms, and have different effects. This could illustrate both benign epilepsy (inherited childhood form that normally improves with age), and myoclonic epilepsy (form that causes muscle contractions). An EEG measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes attached to the scalp.

Close-up illustration showing a cancerous breast cell producing too many HER genes, which in turn produce an excessive number of HER2 receptors. The receptors attract growth factors, which stimulate the growth of more cells. Herceptin (generic name, trastuzumab) and other antibodies inhibit HER2 receptors and VEGF growth factors.

Illustration of human ovary inflammations. Shown on the left is a kinking of the fallopian tube that has been caused by adhesions (fibrous bands) that can result from pelvic inflammation. Shown on the right is a fully developed abscess of the ovary. The uterus is shown in the center.

Illustration of a human uterus and ovaries. Shown is a comparison of a normal ovary (left) to an ovary with small ovarian cysts (right). Also shown are a normal uterus (left side) and a uterus with fibroids (right side). The colon is shown at the bottom of the illustration.

Illustration of the prostate gland (white, heart shaped) and bladder, showing a narrowing of the prostate opening, which causes urine (yellow) to back up from the urethra into the bladder. The background shows the kidneys and ureters.

Illustration of a laparoscopy, in which a small incision is made in the abdomen and the laparoscope is inserted to view internal female organs. The ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and colon are shown.

Illustration of the cesarean section (birth) of a human baby, showing retraction of the mother's abdomen walls. Also depicted are the umbilicus, skin, subcutaneous fat, uterus, and umbilical cord.

Illustration showing cancer of the urinary bladder and bladder wall, cutaway side view. Shown are the seven stages of vesical neoplasm development, beginning at the bottom of the bladder and continuing in a clockwise manner. Also shown are the perivesical fat, deep muscle, superficial muscle, submucosa, and mucosa.

Grayscale illustration of the human brain, showing the regions affected by boxing, side view (top) and cross-section (bottom). Shown are the skull, cerebellum, and the base of the brain stem (top); and a subdural hematoma, dura mater, fornix, epidural space, skull, fat layer, and skin layer (bottom).

Illustration of obesity in a male patient. Shown are the heart, diaphragm, and stomach within an obese body form.

Grayscale illustration of a woman playing the piano. Shown are the ankle, knee, wrist, elbow, and shoulder joints within an outline of her clothed body.

Illustration of young girl receiving acupuncture to her ear. Shown are various acupuncture points on her ear and face.

Illustration of ionizing radiation and how it can cause cancer. Shown are alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays (similar to X-rays) that originated either from outside (top) or inside (bottom) the body. Ionizing radiation can lead to high speed electrons that may break a chromosome, leading to uncontrolled malignant cell reproduction: cancer.

Grayscale illustration of an artificial heart pump. Shown are the electronic controller, implanted batteries, blood pump, energy converter, inflow graft (attached to the apex of the left ventricle), and outflow graft (attached to the descending thoracic aorta). The background shows the torso of a male artificial heart pump recipient.